How to add non-free firmware to a Debian ISO USB thumb drive. 06.07.23

How to add non-free firmware(hardware software what is not free to inspect and modify
) to a Debian ISO USB thumb drive.

Before bookworm, you could just download the full CD ISO and use it.
https://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/cd-including-firmware/

## Now download the official Debian ISO
```console
wget https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-cd/debian-12.0.0-amd64-netinst.iso
```

## And download the non-free firmware zip file and undzip it
```console
http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/unofficial/non-free/firmware/bookworm/12.0.0/firmware.tar.gz
tar -xzf firmware.tar.gz
```

## Find your USB Drive with lsblk
```console
lsblk
```
### you see like this
```txt
(env) veto@dev:~/webs/syncer$ lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda      8:0    0 931.5G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0 930.6G  0 part /
├─sda2   8:2    0     1K  0 part 
└─sda5   8:5    0   976M  0 part [SWAP]
sdb      8:16   0 447.1G  0 disk 
sdc      8:32   1  14.3G  0 disk 
├─sdc1   8:33   1   738M  0 part 
├─sdc2   8:34   1   9.3M  0 part 
 ```

## Burn the ISO hybrid images to the drive like
```console
dd bs=4M if=debian-12.0.0-amd64-netinst.iso of=/dev/sdc;sync
```

## create a new Partition on this Debian USB
```console
sudo fdisk --wipe=never -t dos /dev/sdc
```
```text
Command (m for help): n
p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
Partition number (3,4, default 3): 
First sector (1511424-30031249, default 1511424): 
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (1511424-30031249, default 30031249):
Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux' and of size 13.6 GiB.
p
q
```
## After format the new created partition 3
```console
sudo mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdc3

```
## Mount this /dev/sdc3 when your OS not already did it
```console
udisksctl mount -b /dev/sdc3
```

## Finally copy all the before unzipped firmware files *.deb to the extra partition
```text
├── firmware-amd-graphics_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-ast_20140808-7_all.deb
├── firmware-ath9k-htc_1.4.0-108-gd856466+dfsg1-1.3_all.deb
├── firmware-atheros_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-bnx2_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-bnx2x_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-brcm80211_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-cavium_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-intel-sound_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-ipw2x00_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-ivtv_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-iwlwifi_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-libertas_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-linux-free_20200122-1_all.deb
├── firmware-misc-nonfree_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-myricom_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-netronome_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-netxen_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-nvidia-gsp_525.105.17-1_amd64.deb
├── firmware-nvidia-gsp_525.105.17-1_arm64.deb
├── firmware-nvidia-tesla-gsp_525.105.17-1_amd64.deb
├── firmware-nvidia-tesla-gsp_525.105.17-1_arm64.deb
├── firmware-qcom-soc_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-qlogic_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-realtek_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-realtek-rtl8723cs-bt_20181104-2_all.deb
├── firmware-samsung_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-siano_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-sof-signed_2.2.4-1_all.deb
├── firmware.tar.gz
├── firmware-ti-connectivity_20230210-5_all.deb
├── firmware-zd1211_1.5-10_all.deb
├── hdmi2usb-fx2-firmware_0.0.0~git20151225-3_all.deb
├── intel-microcode_3.20230512.1_amd64.deb
├── intel-microcode_3.20230512.1_i386.deb
└── raspi-firmware_1.20220830+ds-1_all.deb

```
## When you install Debian, it should automatically look up for those firmaware files

https://super-unix.com/unixlinux/debian-create-another-partition-on-free-space-of-usb-after-dd-installing-debian/

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How to add non-free firmware to a Debian ISO USB thumb drive. 06.07.23

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